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  • Title: Integrated analytical techniques for the study of ancient Greek polychromy.
    Author: Colombini MP, Carmignani A, Modugno F, Frezzato F, Olchini A, Brecoulaki H, Vassilopoulou V, Karkanas P.
    Journal: Talanta; 2004 Jul 08; 63(4):839-48. PubMed ID: 18969508.
    Abstract:
    The materials used in the decoration of three painted astragaloi (knucklebones) from the Koroneia cave (Greece) were investigated by means of sequential application of non-destructive and destructive techniques: optical microscopy, environmental scanning electron microscopy coupled with X-ray microanalysis (ESEM-EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) with micro-attenuated total reflection (mu-ATR) technique, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with UV-fluorescence and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used. The main results highlighted that the three astragaloi were prepared with a ground of ochre or iron clay and painted with a proteinaceous matter such as binder egg tempera. Both FTIR and GC-MS agree in the detection of lipids that can be related to egg. Organic dyestuffs identified as madder lake and shellfish purple were used together with inorganic pigments.
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