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  • Title: Efficacy and safety of basiliximab in pediatric renal transplant patients receiving cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, and steroids.
    Author: Offner G, Toenshoff B, Höcker B, Krauss M, Bulla M, Cochat P, Fehrenbach H, Fischer W, Foulard M, Hoppe B, Hoyer PF, Jungraithmayr TC, Klaus G, Latta K, Leichter H, Mihatsch MJ, Misselwitz J, Montoya C, Müller-Wiefel DE, Neuhaus TJ, Pape L, Querfeld U, Plank C, Schwarke D, Wygoda S, Zimmerhackl LB.
    Journal: Transplantation; 2008 Nov 15; 86(9):1241-8. PubMed ID: 19005406.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Basiliximab, a monoclonal CD25 antibody has proofed effective in reducing acute rejection episodes in adults in various immunosuppressive regimens. The effect of basiliximab in the pediatric population is controversial. METHODS: In a 12-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, renal transplant patients aged 1 to 18 years were randomized to basiliximab or placebo with cyclosporine microemulsion, mycophenolate mofetil, and corticosteroids. The intent-to-treat population comprised 192 patients (100 basiliximab and 92 placebo). RESULTS: The primary efficacy endpoint, time to first biopsy-proven acute rejection episode, or treatment failure by month 6, occurred in 16.7% of basiliximab-treated patients and 21.7% of placebo-treated patients (Kaplan-Meier estimates; hazard ratio 0.72, two-sided 90% confidence interval 0.416-1.26, n.s.). The rate and severity of subclinical rejections in protocol biopsies performed at 6 months posttransplant was higher in the basiliximab group (25.0%) than in the placebo group (11.7%). Patient and death-censored graft survival at 12 months was 97% and 99%, respectively, in the basiliximab cohort, and 100% and 99% among placebo-treated patients (n.s.). Renal function was similar in both treatment groups, and there were no significant between-treatment differences in the incidence of adverse events or infections. CONCLUSIONS: Addition of basiliximab induction to a regimen of cyclosporine microemulsion, mycophenolate mofetil, and steroids resulted in a numerically lower but not significant incidence of biopsy-proven acute rejection versus placebo and excellent graft and patient survival at 1 year in pediatric renal transplant recipients. Whether this numerical difference is a true therapeutic benefit in view of the higher rate and severity of subclinical rejections in the basiliximab group in the protocol biopsy will be investigated in a long-term follow-up study.
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