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  • Title: Cellular immune response to Hantaan virus nucleocapsid protein in the acute phase of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: correlation with disease severity.
    Author: Wang M, Wang J, Zhu Y, Xu Z, Yang K, Yang A, Jin B.
    Journal: J Infect Dis; 2009 Jan 15; 199(2):188-95. PubMed ID: 19072554.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: The cellular immune response to Hantaan virus (HTNV) is incompletely understood, especially in humans. METHODS: To investigate the cellular immunity during acute HTNV infection, the magnitude of the CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses to HTNV nucleocapsid protein was quantitated by direct ex vivo interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot analysis, using an array of overlapping peptides. RESULTS: We found that the combined frequencies of HTNV-specific T cells at the earliest available time point (5-8 days after fever onset) were significantly higher in patients who had mild or moderate hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) than in those who had severe or critical HFRS (P= .006). Moreover, these frequencies were higher in patients with subsequent mild renal failure (maximum serum creatinine level, <or=707 micromol/L) than in those with subsequent severe renal failure (maximum serum creatinine level, >707 micromol/L) (P= .006). Kinetic analysis showed that a decrease in the serum creatinine level during the acute phase of illness was often accompanied by an increase in the magnitude of IFN-gamma-producing T cells. CONCLUSION: Taken together with published data on the similar associations with neutralizing antibody, these data suggest that IFN-gamma-producing T cells may help reduce the risk of progression to acute renal failure caused by HTNV infection.
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