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  • Title: Previous abortion and risk of pre-term birth: a population study.
    Author: Freak-Poli R, Chan A, Tucker G, Street J.
    Journal: J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med; 2009 Jan; 22(1):1-7. PubMed ID: 19085629.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: This population study was undertaken to determine whether previous abortion is an independent risk factor for pre-term birth and to calculate population-attributable risks for risk factors. METHODS: All South Australian first singleton births in 1998-2003 (n = 42 269) were included in a multivariable logistic regression analysis, comparing pre-term births with term births. RESULTS: Risk factors for pre-term birth were found to be: being indigenous, single, a smoker [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.28, 95% confidence interval 1.17-1.41], age 40 years or older, reproductive technology assistance, threatened miscarriage, antepartum haemorrhage, urinary tract infection, pregnancy hypertension and suspected intra-uterine growth restriction. A previous spontaneous abortion was of borderline statistical significance, whereas a previous induced abortion (AOR 1.25, 1.13-1.40) was an independent risk factor. A dose-response relationship was found with increasing number of previous spontaneous or induced abortions. Population-attributable risks were highest for pregnancy hypertension (12.4%) and antepartum haemorrhage (9.2%). Smoking and previous induced abortion had risks of 4.7% and 2.7%, respectively. Among indigenous women, 51% of whom smoked, 16.4% of pre-term birth could be attributed to smoking. CONCLUSIONS: A previous induced abortion and smoking during pregnancy (particularly among indigenous women) are preventable risk factors for pre-term birth. Their population-attributable risks are likely to be under-estimates from under-reporting.
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