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  • Title: Spinal cord arteriovenous malformation in a toddler presenting with altered mental status and fever.
    Author: Chow Y, White N, Day L, Jeanmonod R.
    Journal: Am J Emerg Med; 2008 Nov; 26(9):1072.e5-7. PubMed ID: 19091296.
    Abstract:
    Central nervous system arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are a rare cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage and neurologic deficits. About 90% of these lesions are supratentorial, with a smaller percentage occurring in the posterior fossa and an even smaller number found throughout the spine. Although spinal AVMs are uncommon, these disorders represent a treatable cause of significant morbidity in a young age group. We report a case of a T11-T12 spinal AVM in a 14-month-old girl presenting with low-grade fever and lethargy who was found to have subarachnoid hemorrhage on evaluation and describe a reasonable stepwise approach to these patients in the emergency department utilizing computed tomography, lumbar puncture, magnetic resonance imaging, and angiography.
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