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  • Title: Preclinical evaluation of multiple species of PEGylated recombinant phenylalanine ammonia lyase for the treatment of phenylketonuria.
    Author: Sarkissian CN, Gámez A, Wang L, Charbonneau M, Fitzpatrick P, Lemontt JF, Zhao B, Vellard M, Bell SM, Henschell C, Lambert A, Tsuruda L, Stevens RC, Scriver CR.
    Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A; 2008 Dec 30; 105(52):20894-9. PubMed ID: 19095795.
    Abstract:
    Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a metabolic disorder, in which loss of phenylalanine hydroxylase activity results in neurotoxic levels of phenylalanine. We used the Pah(enu2/enu2) PKU mouse model in short- and long-term studies of enzyme substitution therapy with PEGylated phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PEG-PAL conjugates) from 4 different species. The most therapeutically effective PAL (Av, Anabaena variabilis) species was one without the highest specific activity, but with the highest stability; indicating the importance of protein stability in the development of effective protein therapeutics. A PEG-Av-p.C503S/p.C565S-PAL effectively lowered phenylalanine levels in both vascular space and brain tissue over a >90 day trial period, resulting in reduced manifestations associated with PKU, including reversal of PKU-associated hypopigmentation and enhanced animal health. Phenylalanine reduction occurred in a dose- and loading-dependent manner, and PEGylation reduced the neutralizing immune response to the enzyme. Human clinical trials with PEG-Av-p.C503S/p.C565S-PAL as a treatment for PKU are underway.
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