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  • Title: Five cases of paralytic strabismus as a rare feature of lyme disease.
    Author: Sauer A, Hansmann Y, Jaulhac B, Bourcier T, Speeg-Schatz C.
    Journal: Clin Infect Dis; 2009 Mar 15; 48(6):756-9. PubMed ID: 19193112.
    Abstract:
    Lyme borreliosis is the most common human tick-borne disease in the Northern Hemisphere. The prevalence of Lyme borreliosis is estimated to be 20-100 cases per 100,000 persons in the United States and 100-155 cases per 100,000 persons in Europe [ 1 , 2 ]. It is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato [ 2 , 3 ]. The course of clinical manifestations is thought to occur in 3 stages: early, disseminated, and chronic [ 2 , 4 ]. Lyme borreliosis can cause a variety of ocular manifestations, and the frequency of these manifestations among cases of Lyme disease involving systemic manifestations is approximately 1% [ 5 ].
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