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  • Title: Chronic endometritis is a frequent finding in women with recurrent implantation failure after in vitro fertilization.
    Author: Johnston-MacAnanny EB, Hartnett J, Engmann LL, Nulsen JC, Sanders MM, Benadiva CA.
    Journal: Fertil Steril; 2010 Feb; 93(2):437-41. PubMed ID: 19217098.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of endometrial sampling for identification and treatment of chronic endometritis (CE) in patients undergoing IVF-ET who repeatedly failed to conceive despite the transfer of good-quality embryos. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: University-based tertiary fertility center. PATIENT(S): Thirty-three patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) who underwent endometrial sampling and subsequent ET were analyzed based on immunohistochemically confirmed CE: CE present on biopsy (group 1; n = 10) and CE absent on biopsy (group 2; n = 23). Patients with RIF undergoing IVF cycles during the same time period who did not have endometrial sampling were used as controls (group 3; n = 485). INTERVENTION(S): Endometrial sampling for CE and subsequent antibiotic treatment in affected patients followed by another IVF-ET cycle. RESULT(S): Chronic endometritis was identified in 30.3% of patients with RIF. Group 1 had lower implantation rates (11.5%) in the IVF cycle following treatment than did group 2 and group 3 (32.7% and 20.3%, respectively). Clinical pregnancy and ongoing pregnancy rates were similar across groups. CONCLUSION(S): Recurrent implantation failure warrants investigation of CE as a contributing factor. Women demonstrating CE on endometrial sampling have lower implantation rates in a subsequent IVF-ET cycle; however, there were no differences in subsequent clinical pregnancy or ongoing pregnancy rates after successful antibiotic treatment.
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