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  • Title: HRCT in detection of pulmonary infections from nontuberculous mycobacteria: personal experience.
    Author: Ferrara I, Cappabianca S, Brunese L, Valente T, Muto E, Muto R, Rotondo A.
    Journal: Radiol Med; 2009 Apr; 114(3):376-89. PubMed ID: 19280121.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: The authors sought to assess the role of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in the detection and follow-up of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pulmonary infection in immunocompetent patients and to identify the most common radiological patterns for diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Plain chest radiographs and HRCT scans of 42 consecutive patients with NTM pulmonary infection (M/F 26/16; mean age 57, range 41-83) were retrospectively reviewed. Ten of these patients were followed up for 18 months after diagnosis. Small nodules (<10 mm), nodules 10- to 30-mm in diameter, lobar/segmental consolidation, cavitations, bronchiectasis and tree-in-bud pattern were analysed. RESULTS: Small nodules were more frequent than nodules 10- to 30-mm in diameter, and segmental consolidation was more frequent than lobar. Cavitations, tree-in-bud and bronchiectasis were more frequently located in the upper lobes. Four of the followed-up patients had cavitation of preexisting nodules, and five had progression of bronchiectasis. CONCLUSIONS: HRCT allows accurate detection and followup of the most frequent presentation patterns: diffuse small nodules, bronchiectasis, upper lobe segmental consolidation and cavitations. The appearance of new bronchiectasis and progression of old disease are due to pulmonary infection.
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