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  • Title: Hip-muscle activation during the lunge, single-leg squat, and step-up-and-over exercises.
    Author: Boudreau SN, Dwyer MK, Mattacola CG, Lattermann C, Uhl TL, McKeon JM.
    Journal: J Sport Rehabil; 2009 Feb; 18(1):91-103. PubMed ID: 19321909.
    Abstract:
    CONTEXT: Functional exercises are often used in strengthening programs after lower extremity injury. Activation levels of the stabilizing hip muscles have not been documented. OBJECTIVE: To document the progression of hip-muscle activation levels during 3 lower extremity functional exercises. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: 44 healthy individuals, 22 women and 22 men. INTERVENTION: Subjects, in 1 testing session, completed 3 trials each of the lunge (LUN), single-leg squat (SLSQ), and step-up-and-over (SUO) exercise. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Root-mean-square muscle amplitude (% reference voluntary muscle contraction) was measured for 5 muscles during the 3 exercises: rectus femoris (RF), dominant and nondominant gluteus medius (GMed_D and GMed_ND), adductor longus (ADD), and gluteus maximus (GMX). RESULTS: The RF, GMAX, and GMed_D were activated in a progression from least to greatest during the SUO, LUN, and SLSQ. The progression for the GMed_ND activation was from least to greatest during the SLSQ, SUO, and then LUN. Activation levels of the ADD showed no progression. CONCLUSION: Progressive activation levels were documented for muscles acting on the hip joint during 3 functional lower extremity exercises. The authors recommend using this exercise progression when targeting the hip muscles during lower extremity strengthening.
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