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  • Title: [Encapsulated implantable venous access device: two clinical cases].
    Author: Guivarch E, Kriegel I, Bonnet L, di Maria S, Estève M.
    Journal: Ann Fr Anesth Reanim; 2009 Mar; 28(3):238-41. PubMed ID: 19327941.
    Abstract:
    We report two cases of encapsulated indwelling central venous catheter in adults. The patients involved were treated by chemotherapy and their catheter had been implanted for 15 and 6 years. However, this complication is well-known in children and a similar problem is frequently observed with pacemaker leads removal. The difficulty to remove the device is due to fibrous encapsulation of indwelling catheters in the vein wall. In all cases reported, the catheter was left in place. The potential main complications not yet observed are infection of the catheter and venous thrombosis.
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