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  • Title: Psychosocial predictors of resilience after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks.
    Author: Butler LD, Koopman C, Azarow J, Blasey CM, Magdalene JC, DiMiceli S, Seagraves DA, Hastings TA, Chen XH, Garlan RW, Kraemer HC, Spiegel D.
    Journal: J Nerv Ment Dis; 2009 Apr; 197(4):266-73. PubMed ID: 19363383.
    Abstract:
    The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 inflicted distress beyond those directly exposed, thereby providing an opportunity to examine the contributions of a range of factors (cognitive, emotional, social support, coping) to psychological resilience for those indirectly exposed. In an Internet convenience sample of 1281, indices of resilience (higher well-being, lower distress) at baseline (2.5-12 weeks post-attack) were each associated with less emotional suppression, denial and self-blame, and fewer negative worldview changes. After controlling for initial outcomes, baseline negative worldview changes and aspects of social support and coping all remained significant predictors of 6-month outcomes, with worldview changes bearing the strongest relationship to each. These findings highlight the role of emotional, coping, social support, and particularly, cognitive variables in adjustment after terrorism.
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