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  • Title: Low West Nile virus circulation in wild birds in an area of recurring outbreaks in Southern France.
    Author: Balança G, Gaidet N, Savini G, Vollot B, Foucart A, Reiter P, Boutonnier A, Lelli R, Monicat F.
    Journal: Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis; 2009 Dec; 9(6):737-41. PubMed ID: 19402766.
    Abstract:
    West Nile virus (WNV) has a history of irregular but recurrent epizootics in countries of Mediterranean and of Central and Eastern Europe. We have investigated the temporal enzootic activity of WNV in free-ranging birds over a 3-year period in an area with sporadic occurrences of WNV outbreaks in Southern France. We conducted an intensive serologic survey on several wild bird populations (>4000 serum samples collected from 3300 birds) selected as potential indicators of the WNV circulation. WNV antibodies were detected by seroneutralization and/or plaque reduction neutralization in house sparrows, black-billed magpies, and scops owls, but these species appeared to be insufficient indicators of WNV circulation. Overall seroprevalence was low (<1%), including in birds that had been potentially exposed to the virus during recent outbreaks. However, the detection of a seroconversion in one bird, as well as the detection of seropositive birds in all years of our monitoring, including juveniles, indicate a constant annual circulation of WNV at a low level, including in years without any detectable emergence of WN fever in horses or humans.
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