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  • Title: Alpha-tomatine inactivates PI3K/Akt and ERK signaling pathways in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells: effect on metastasis.
    Author: Shih YW, Shieh JM, Wu PF, Lee YC, Chen YZ, Chiang TA.
    Journal: Food Chem Toxicol; 2009 Aug; 47(8):1985-95. PubMed ID: 19457446.
    Abstract:
    This study first investigates the anti-metastatic effect of alpha-tomatine in the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line: A549. In this study, we first noted alpha-tomatine inhibited A549 cells invasion and migration by wound-healing assay and Boyden chamber assay. The data also showed alpha-tomatine could inhibit phosphorylation of Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), which is involved in the up-regulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) or urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA), whereas it did not affect phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38. Next, alpha-tomatine significantly decreased the nuclear levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB), c-Fos, and c-Jun. Also, treating A549 cells with alpha-tomatine also leads to a dose-dependent inhibition on the binding abilities of NF-kappaB and activator protein-1 (AP-1). Further, the treatment of inhibitors specific for PI3K (Wortmannin) or ERK (U0126) to A549 cells could cause reduced activities of MMP-2, MMP-9, and u-PA. These results showed alpha-tomatine could inhibit the metastatic ability of A549 cells by reducing MMP-2, MMP-9, and u-PA activities through suppressing phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) or ERK1/2 signaling pathway and inhibition NF-kappaB or AP-1 binding activities. These findings proved alpha-tomatine might be an anti-metastatic agent against human lung adenocarcinoma.
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