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  • Title: Pretreatment with glutamine attenuates anoxia/reoxygenation injury of human proximal renal tubular epithelial cells via induction of heme oxygenase-1.
    Author: Shi Q, Feng YN, Fang J, Xu K.
    Journal: Pharmacology; 2009; 84(1):1-8. PubMed ID: 19468257.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND/AIMS: Glutamine showed potential cytoprotective activity probably due to induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). We thus investigated the effect of glutamine in vitro on anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) injury of renal tubular epithelial cells. METHODS: Human proximal renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) were subjected to A/R with or without glutamine, after which viability and apoptosis of the cells were determined by MTT assay and annexin V flow cytometry, respectively. Meanwhile, expression of HO-1, caspase-3, Bcl-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) was measured by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. RESULTS: A/R significantly induced apoptosis of HK-2 cells, which was inhibited by glutamine, during which HO-1 was upregulated significantly, but nullified by p38MAPK inhibitor. Caspase-3 and iNOS increased after A/R; however, glutamine inhibited this potential. Opposite results were observed for Bcl-2. CONCLUSION: Glutamine prevents A/R injury of HK-2 cells through induction of HO-1 via a p38MAPK-dependent pathway, which plays a key role in the cytoprotective effect of glutamine.
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