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  • Title: Essential oil composition and antimicrobial activity of Ballota nigra L. ssp foetida.
    Author: Fraternale D, Bucchini A, Giamperi L, Ricci D.
    Journal: Nat Prod Commun; 2009 Apr; 4(4):585-8. PubMed ID: 19476011.
    Abstract:
    The chemical composition of the essential oil of Ballota nigra L. ssp foetida obtained from the flowering aerial parts was analyzed by GC/MS. From the 37 identified constituents of the oil, beta-caryophyllene (20.0%), germacrene D (18.0%) and caryophyllene oxide (15.0%) were the major components. The oil was active against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as against three Candida species.
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