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  • Title: Are risk factors for stillbirths in low-income countries associated with sensorineural hearing loss in survivors?
    Author: Olusanya BO, Afe AJ, Solanke OA.
    Journal: J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med; 2009 Jul; 22(7):576-83. PubMed ID: 19488940.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVES: To determine associated risk factors for stillbirths in Lagos, Nigeria and to examine possible relationships between these factors and the risk of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). METHODS: Stillbirths in an inner-city maternity hospital from June 2005 to May 2007 were matched with live-birth controls at ratio 1:2. Risk factors and their associated adjusted odds ratio (OR) at 95% confidence interval (CI) were first determined by multiple logistic regression and then correlated with hearing screening failure among survivors who received a two-stage hearing screening with automated otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem response. RESULTS: Of 201 cases examined and matched with 402 live births, 101 (50.2%) were fresh stillbirths and 100 (49.8%) macerated. Multiparity (OR: 1.92; CI: 1.16-3.20), lack of antenatal care (OR: 7.23; CI: 3.94-13.26), hypertensive conditions (OR: 6.48; CI: 2.94-14.29), antepartum haemorrhage (OR:18.84; CI: 6.96-51.00), premature rupture of membrane (OR:3.36; CI: 1.40-8.05), prolonged obstructed labour (OR: 22.25; CI: 10.07-49.16) and prematurity (OR: 2.30; CI: 1.2-4.01) were associated with increased risk of stillbirths whereas caesarean section (OR: 0.24; CI: 0.12-0.48) was associated with lower risk of stillbirths. Infants delivered by mothers with hypertensive conditions during pregnancy were at risk of SNHL (OR: 2.97; CI: 1.15-7.64). CONCLUSION: Hypertensive conditions during pregnancy increase the risk of stillbirths and place survivors at greater risk of SNHL.
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