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  • Title: Phase II study of preoperative concurrent chemoradiation therapy with S-1 in patients with T4 oral squamous cell carcinoma.
    Author: Nomura T, Murakami R, Toya R, Teshima K, Nakahara A, Hirai T, Hiraki A, Nakayama H, Yoshitake Y, Ota K, Obayashi T, Yamashita Y, Oya N, Shinohara M.
    Journal: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys; 2010 Apr; 76(5):1347-52. PubMed ID: 19628343.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: To determine the feasibility and efficacy of preoperative concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) with S-1, an oral fluoropyrimidine derivative, in patients with T4 oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). METHODS AND MATERIALS: Only patients with histologically proven T4 oral SCC were included. Radiotherapy (total dose, 30 Gy) was delivered in 2-Gy daily fractions over a period of 3 weeks. Concurrently, S-1 (80 mg/m(2)/day) was administered orally twice daily for 14 consecutive days. RESULTS: We enrolled 46 patients. All underwent radiotherapy as planned; however, oral S-1 was discontinued in 3 patients who manifested acute toxicity. Grade 3 toxicities were mucositis (20%), anorexia (9%), and neutropenia (4%). We encountered no Grade 4 adverse events or serious postoperative morbidity requiring surgical intervention. After CCRT, 32 of the 46 patients underwent radical resection; in 17 (53%) of the operated patients, the pathologic response was complete. During follow-up ranging from 7 to 58 months (median, 22 months), tumor control failed in 5 (16%) of the 32 operated patients; there were 3 local and 2 regional failures. Of the 14 non-operated patients, 8 (57%) manifested local (n = 7) or regional failure (n = 1). The 3-year overall survival rate for all 46 patients was 69%; it was significantly higher for operated than for non-operated patients (82% vs. 48%; p = 0.0288). CONCLUSION: Preoperative CCRT with S-1 is feasible and effective in patients with T4 oral SCC. Even in inoperable cases, CCRT with S-1 provides adequate tumor control.
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