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  • Title: Triple-negative and HER2-overexpressing breast cancers exhibit an elevated risk and an earlier occurrence of cerebral metastases.
    Author: Heitz F, Harter P, Lueck HJ, Fissler-Eckhoff A, Lorenz-Salehi F, Scheil-Bertram S, Traut A, du Bois A.
    Journal: Eur J Cancer; 2009 Nov; 45(16):2792-8. PubMed ID: 19643597.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: Evaluation of the influence of immunohistochemically defined breast cancer (BC) subtypes and other risk factors on the development of cerebral metastases (CM). METHODS: Exploratory analysis of a hospital-based prospective tumour registry including all patients with primary BC treated in our EUSOMA breast unit between 1998 and 2006. RESULTS: The study cohort contained 2441 patients, including 284 patients (11.6%) with triple-negative (oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2-negative) and 245 patients (10.1%) with HER2-overexpressing BC subtypes. Overall, 80 patients (3.3%) developed CM within a median follow-up period of 47 months, 19 (23.8%) of them with triple-negative and 19 (23.8%) with HER2-positive tumours. Therefore, 6.7% of all patients with triple-negative and 7.8% of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer developed CM. Multivariate analysis indicated that the highest risk for CM was triple-negative breast cancer. Further independent risk factors were: HER2-overexpression, early onset BC (age<50 years), and large tumour size (pT3/4). Among those patients developing CM, triple-negative BC showed the shortest interval between primary diagnosis and occurrence of CM with a median of 22 months, compared to 30 and 63.5 months in HER2-positive and ER+/HER2- BC, respectively. Survival after occurrence of CM did not differ among the subtypes. CONCLUSION: Patients with triple-negative or HER2-positive BC have a higher risk for CM compared with patients bearing the ER+/HER2- phenotype and develop CM earlier in the course of disease. A risk profile for CM might help adjust surveillance in high risk populations and identify patients with a need for new treatment strategies.
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