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  • Title: A retrospective evaluation of hospitalizations for acute gastroenteritis at 2 sentinel hospitals in central Japan to estimate the health burden of rotavirus.
    Author: Kamiya H, Nakano T, Inoue M, Kamiya H, Abd TT, Patel M, Orenstein WA, Parashar UD.
    Journal: J Infect Dis; 2009 Nov 01; 200 Suppl 1():S140-6. PubMed ID: 19817592.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Two rotavirus vaccines have recently been licensed for use in >80 countries worldwide but not in Japan. To assess the value of introducing rotavirus vaccination in Japan, data on the burden of rotavirus disease are needed. METHODS: To describe the epidemiology of severe rotavirus disease among Japanese children aged <5 years, we examined retrospective demographic, clinical, and laboratory data from the period 2003-2007 for children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) at 2 sentinel hospitals in Japan. RESULTS: At each of the 2 hospitals, 17%-21% of all pediatric hospitalizations were for AGE. Three-fourths of all AGE-related admissions occurred during the winter (December-May). Rotavirus testing was performed for approximately three-fourths of patients admitted with AGE in the winter, of which 55% at one hospital and 59% at the other tested positive. By extrapolating the test results to those patients with AGE admitted in the winter who were not tested, we estimated that 39%-44% of year-round and 52%-57% of winter hospitalizations were attributable to rotavirus. The annual incidence of hospitalization for rotavirus AGE in the 2 cities served by the hospitals was estimated to be 3.8 and 4.9 per 1000 person-years. CONCLUSIONS: The burden of severe rotavirus disease among Japanese children is substantial and warrants consideration of vaccination as a prevention strategy.
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