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  • Title: Hydrothermal-hydrolysis synthesis and photocatalytic properties of nano-TiO2 with an adjustable crystalline structure.
    Author: Zhang J, Xiao X, Nan J.
    Journal: J Hazard Mater; 2010 Apr 15; 176(1-3):617-22. PubMed ID: 20004517.
    Abstract:
    Tri-phase (anatase, rutile, and brookite), bi-phase (anatase and rutile), and mono-phase (rutile) TiO(2) nanomaterials with different morphologies were successively synthesized using a hydrothermal-hydrolysis method and adjusting the Ti(4+)/Ti(3+) molar ratio in a precursor solution. The properties of the fabricated nanomaterials were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photocatalytic reaction, and other techniques. It has been shown that TiO(2) nanorods can be obtained by increasing the Ti(4+)/Ti(3+) molar ratio in a precursor solution from 1:0 to 0.3:0.7. TiO(2) nanoparticles are formed if the Ti(3+) fraction in the solution is further increased. The selective synthesis of TiO(2) nanomaterials is explained by a decrease in the reaction rate and by changes in acidity with increasing Ti(3+) content. The tri-phase nanorods and bi-phase nanoparticles synthesized with Ti(4+)/Ti(3+) molar ratios from 1:0 to 0.8:0.2 and 0.2:0.8 to 0:1, respectively, have a higher degradation ability with respect to methylene blue aqueous solutions under UV irradiation at ambient temperature compared to purely rutile TiO(2) nanorods synthesized with Ti(4+)/Ti(3+) molar ratios from 0.7:0.3 to 0.3:0.7. The high photocatalytic activity of the multi-phase TiO(2) samples is primarily attributed to their larger band gap and suppressed recombination of photo-generated electron-hole pairs.
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