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  • Title: Allogeneic blood transfusion reduction by risk-based protocol in total joint arthroplasty.
    Author: Rashiq S, Jamieson-Lega K, Komarinski C, Nahirniak S, Zinyk L, Finegan B.
    Journal: Can J Anaesth; 2010 Apr; 57(4):343-9. PubMed ID: 20099050.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of a preoperative protocol that triages patients awaiting total joint arthroplasty to one of four strategies designed to mitigate the risk of allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT) based on a priori transfusion risk on perioperative exposure to allogeneic blood. METHODS: We compared the transfusion experiences of a historical control series of 160 subjects with a study group of 160 subjects treated by protocol. Protocol subjects with hemoglobin (Hb) 100-129 g.L(-1) were given erythropoietin, dosed by weight. Subjects with Hb 130-139 g.L(-1) underwent preoperative autologous blood harvest and perioperative re-infusion as deemed clinically necessary. Subjects with Hb >139 g.L(-1) received no special intervention, unless they were aged >70 yr and weighed < 70 kg, in which case they received oral iron and folate supplementation. RESULTS: The relative risk of ABT in the Study group was 0.68 (95% confidence interval 0.54-0.85). The Control group received 104 units of allogeneic blood and the Study group received 35 units (P = 0.0007). These differences cannot be explained by differences in transfusion risk or autologous units transfused. There was no worsening of anemia or its consequences in the Study group. CONCLUSION: A simple protocol based on easily obtained preoperative clinical indices effectively targets interventions that mitigate the risk of ABT.
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