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  • Title: Cesarean delivery and risk of intestinal bacterial infection.
    Author: Bager P, Simonsen J, Ethelberg S, Frisch M.
    Journal: J Infect Dis; 2010 Mar 15; 201(6):898-902. PubMed ID: 20132034.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: An individual's intestinal bacterial flora is established soon after birth. Delivery by Cesarean section (c-section) deprives the newborn of colonization with maternal vaginal bacteria. We determined whether delivery by c-section is associated with an altered risk of infection with intestinal bacterial pathogens. METHODS: In a cohort of 1.7 million Danes born 1973-2005 we identified cases of laboratory-confirmed non-typhoidal Salmonella species, Campylobacter species, Yersinia enterocolitica, Shigella species, and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli from 1991-2005 in the National Registry of Enteric Pathogens. Using Poisson-regression we estimated confounder-adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for infection according to mode of delivery. RESULTS: During 14.0 million person-years of follow-up, 22,486 individuals were diagnosed with 1 intestinal bacterial infection. C-section was associated with a small increase in risk at age 1 to <2 years (IRR, 1.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-1.18) and at age 2 to <5 years (IRR, 1.08; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-1.17), but after age 5 years, there was no significant association. Assuming causality only 0.62% of intestinal bacterial infections were attributable to c-section. CONCLUSIONS: Mode of delivery appears not to be a clinically relevant determinant of risk for intestinal bacterial infections. The possible impact of increasing frequencies of c-section on the overall burden of intestinal bacterial infections appears negligible.
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