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  • Title: Intraoperative neurophysiology for surgery in and around the brainstem: role of brainstem mapping and corticobulbar tract motor-evoked potential monitoring.
    Author: Morota N, Ihara S, Deletis V.
    Journal: Childs Nerv Syst; 2010 Apr; 26(4):513-21. PubMed ID: 20143075.
    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION: New advancements of intraoperative neurophysiology for surgery in and around the brainstem have been described. NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES: Brainstem mapping (BSM) is applied to locate cranial nerves and their motor nuclei (CMN) on the floor of the fourth ventricle. Corticobulbar tract (CBT) motor-evoked potential (MEP) monitoring is used to achieve on-line monitoring of the cranial motor nerves' functional integrity. DISCUSSION: Each of these procedures bears a specific role: BSM can help avoid direct damage to CMNs on the fourth ventricular floor; CBT-MEP can provide simultaneous feedback on the functional integrity of the CBT and CMN during surgery, eventually leading to "tailored" modifications of the surgical procedure, based upon neurophysiological responses. CONCLUSIONS: CBT-MEP monitoring has less restriction in terms of clinical indications, but a combination of both procedures is essential for functional preservation of CMNs during surgery in and around the brainstem.
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