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  • Title: Correlation between serum anti-C1q antibody levels and renal pathological characteristics and prognostic significance of anti-C1q antibody in lupus nephritis.
    Author: Cai X, Yang X, Lian F, Lin X, Liang M, Li J, Chen X, Liang L, Qin S, Fu J.
    Journal: J Rheumatol; 2010 Apr; 37(4):759-65. PubMed ID: 20194446.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between serum anti-C1q antibody levels and renal pathological characteristics in lupus nephritis as well as the prognostic significance of serum anti-C1q antibody. METHODS: Seventy-three patients with biopsy-proven lupus nephritis were enrolled. Anti-C1q antibody was measured in serum samples taken within 7 days before renal biopsy and remeasured at the end of the first and the third month after treatment. All patients were followed at least once a month for 3 months. A cross-sectional study analyzed the relationship between serum anti-C1q antibody levels and renal histopathology and nephritic activity, while a longitudinal study evaluated the prognostic significance of anti-C1q antibody levels in lupus nephritis. RESULTS: Fifty-eight of 73 patients (79.5%) were reported as having positive baseline serum anti-C1q antibody, with a mean level of 95.3 (+/- 55.2) U/ml. Significant differences were found in serum anti-C1q antibody levels between each World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lupus nephritis. The serum anti-C1q antibody level of WHO class IV was the highest. Serum anti-C1q antibody was positively correlated with the active and chronic indices in renal pathology. Patients with persistent high levels or increased titers of serum anti-C1q antibody tended to develop delayed remission in nephropathy. Serum anti-C1q antibody levels before and after treatment were relevant to renal remission, but serum anti-C1q antibody at the end of the third month after treatment was a stronger predictor for the prognosis after adjustment in the Cox's proportional hazards regression model. CONCLUSION: Serum anti-C1q antibody is a valuable noninvasive biological marker for evaluation of renal involvement and lupus prognosis.
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