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  • Title: Complement-dependent cytotoxicity assay for differentiating West Nile virus from Japanese encephalitis virus infections in horses.
    Author: Kitai Y, Kondo T, Konishi E.
    Journal: Clin Vaccine Immunol; 2010 May; 17(5):875-8. PubMed ID: 20237201.
    Abstract:
    A complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) assay was established to measure antibodies to the West Nile virus (WNV) nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) in horses. Sera collected from a WNV-infected horse mediated lysis of WNV NS1-expressing cells in a dose-dependent manner at higher percentages than sera from a Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV)-infected horse. The percentages of specific lysis for sera diluted 1:10 to 1:80 were <19.8% (assay cutoff) for almost all of the 100 JEV-infected or uninfected horses tested, in contrast to 55 to 76% in WNV-infected horses. Experimental infection revealed that horses became anti-WNV NS1 antibody positive 10 days after WNV infection. This study demonstrated the utility of this assay for differentiating WNV from JEV infections in horses.
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