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  • Title: Purification and biochemical characterisation of a novel glutamate decarboxylase from rice bran.
    Author: Wang L, Xu DX, Lv YG, Zhang H.
    Journal: J Sci Food Agric; 2010 Apr 30; 90(6):1027-33. PubMed ID: 20355143.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) is a useful enzyme whose main function is to catalyse the irreversible alpha-decarboxylation of L-glutamate to produce gamma-aminobutyric acid. The cheap and abundant rice-processing by-product rice bran contains a high amount of GAD, the purification and characterisation of which have not yet been reported. In this study, research on rice bran GAD was initiated. RESULTS: Rice bran GAD was purified to homogeneity via a combined purification protocol of ammonium sulfate fractionation, ion exchange chromatography and two gel filtrations, with a purification fold of 128.6 and an activity recovery of 21.3%. The enzyme was active at pH 5.5 and 40 degrees C and retained 80% of its original activity in the pH range 5-9 and the temperature range 30-50 degrees C. GAD activity was significantly enhanced in the presence of Ca2+ but strongly inhibited by Ag+, Hg2+, sodium dodecyl sulfate and CH3COOH. Kinetic determination of the apparent K(m) for L-glutamate and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate gave values of 27.4 mmol L(-1) and 1.16 micromol L(-1) respectively. CONCLUSION: Considering that rice bran is cheap and commercially available and that rice bran GAD is relatively stable, the development of cost-effective rice bran GAD-related functional foods would seem to be feasible.
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