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  • Title: Bevacizumab and osteonecrosis of the jaw: incidence and association with bisphosphonate therapy in three large prospective trials in advanced breast cancer.
    Author: Guarneri V, Miles D, Robert N, Diéras V, Glaspy J, Smith I, Thomssen C, Biganzoli L, Taran T, Conte P.
    Journal: Breast Cancer Res Treat; 2010 Jul; 122(1):181-8. PubMed ID: 20361252.
    Abstract:
    Long-term bisphosphonate therapy is associated with increased risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). In a retrospective analysis, a 16% ONJ incidence was reported in patients receiving bisphosphonates with anti-angiogenic therapy (bevacizumab or sunitinib) for bone metastases from breast, colon, or renal cell cancers. To assess ONJ incidence with bevacizumab, we analysed data from 3,560 patients receiving bevacizumab-containing therapy for locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer (LR/MBC) in two double-blind, randomised trials (AVADO and RIBBON-1) and a large, non-randomised safety study (ATHENA). The overall incidence of ONJ with bevacizumab was 0.3% in the blinded phase of the two randomised trials and 0.4% in the single-arm study. There was a trend towards increased ONJ incidence in patients who received bisphosphonate therapy versus those with no bisphosphonate exposure (0.9 vs. 0.2%, respectively, in the pooled analysis of the randomised trials; 2.4 vs. 0%, respectively, in ATHENA). In conclusion, this is the largest analysis of ONJ in patients receiving bevacizumab for LR/MBC. The 0.3-0.4% incidence is considerably lower than previously suggested with anti-angiogenic therapy in a small retrospective analysis. The risk of ONJ appeared to be increased in patients exposed to bisphosphonates, a pattern consistent with observations before the introduction of anti-angiogenic therapy to breast cancer management. The 0.9-2.4% incidence seen in bisphosphonate-exposed patients receiving bevacizumab is within the 1-6% range reported for bisphosphonates alone. Good oral hygiene, dental examination, and avoidance of invasive dental procedures remain important in patients receiving bisphosphonates, irrespective of bevacizumab administration.
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