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  • Title: Pharmacodynamics of amoxicillin against Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) correlation in sheep.
    Author: Delis GA, Koutsoviti-Papadopoulou M, Siarkou VI, Kounenis G, Batzias GC.
    Journal: Res Vet Sci; 2010 Dec; 89(3):418-25. PubMed ID: 20363488.
    Abstract:
    Silicone-made tissue cages were implanted in sheep. Blood serum (SBS) and tissue cage fluid (TCF) samples were collected after amoxicillin intravenous and intramuscular administrations, at the dose of 15 mg/kg. Amoxicillin pharmacodynamics were studied in an artificial culture medium, SBS and TCF with use of a Mannheimia haemolytica and a Pasteurella multocida strain. A concentration-independent antimicrobial activity of amoxicillin was confirmed for levels higher than 0.79-1.75×MIC. This result favored the use of the percentage of the 24 h dosing interval during which drug levels remain above MIC as the appropriate pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic index. The subsequent correlation revealed that intravenous administration could be considered effective against "deep" infections caused by bacteria with MICs<1 μg/mL or "shallow" infections caused by bacteria with MICs<0.1 μg/mL. Intramuscular administration could be safely considered effective against both "deep" and "shallow" infections when the MICs of the targeted pathogens are lower than 1 μg/mL.
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