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  • Title: Low serum HDL-cholesterol levels are associated with long symptom duration in patients with major depressive disorder.
    Author: Lehto SM, Niskanen L, Tolmunen T, Hintikka J, Viinamäki H, Heiskanen T, Honkalampi K, Kokkonen M, Koivumaa-Honkanen H.
    Journal: Psychiatry Clin Neurosci; 2010 Jun; 64(3):279-83. PubMed ID: 20374538.
    Abstract:
    AIMS: The purpose of the present study was to examine whether the association between depression and the serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is modified by symptom duration. METHODS: Depressed patients (n = 88) and an age- and sex-matched group of healthy general population controls (n = 88) underwent a Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID), and depressed participants reported the duration of their symptoms. The serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and non-HDL, and the ratios of LDL-C/HDL and TC/HDL-C were assessed. RESULTS: Major depressive disorder (MDD) subjects with a long symptom duration (>or=3 years) had lower levels of HDL-C compared with healthy controls or MDD subjects with a symptom duration <3 years. The likelihood for long symptom duration doubled for each 0.5-mmol/L decrease in HDL-C levels in regression models adjusted for age, gender, marital status, overweight, symptom severity, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical exercise, medication use, and non-HDL-C (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that a low serum HDL-C level, a risk factor for coronary heart disease, is specifically associated with long-term depressive symptomatology.
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