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  • Title: Bone turnover across the menopause transition : The role of gonadal inhibins.
    Author: Nicks KM, Fowler TW, Akel NS, Perrien DS, Suva LJ, Gaddy D.
    Journal: Ann N Y Acad Sci; 2010 Mar; 1192():153-60. PubMed ID: 20392231.
    Abstract:
    Accumulating evidence demonstrates increasing bone turnover and bone loss in women prior to menopause and decreases in serum estradiol levels. Increased follicle-stimulating hormone levels have been correlated with some of these peri-menopausal changes. However, decreases in gonadal inhibins of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta superfamily strongly correlate with increases in bone formation and resorption markers across the menopause transition and predict lumbar bone mass in peri-menopausal women, likely as a result of direct inhibin suppression of osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. Inhibins bind specifically to cells during osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. They can block bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-stimulated osteoblast and osteoclast development as well as BMP-stimulated SMAD1 phosphorylation, likely via inhibin-beta-glycan sequestration of BMP Type II receptor (BMPRII). Interestingly, continuous in vivo exposure to inhibin A is anabolic and protective against gonadectomy-induced bone loss in mice, suggesting that inhibins contribute to the endocrine regulation of bone metabolism via a bimodal mechanism of action whereby cycling inhibin exposure suppresses bone turnover and continuous exposure to inhibins is anabolic.
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