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  • Title: A longitudinal study of contraception and pregnancy outcome in a representative sample of young Swedish women.
    Author: Milsom I, Sundell G, Andersch B.
    Journal: Contraception; 1991 Feb; 43(2):111-9. PubMed ID: 2040167.
    Abstract:
    The prevalence of contraception and pregnancy history in the same women, aged 19 and 24 years, was assessed in a longitudinal cohort study by means of a postal questionnaire. A one-in-four random sample of all the women born 1962, resident in the city of Göteborg in 1981, was obtained from the population register (n = 656). The response rate was 91%. Respondents from 1981 were re-assessed in 1986 (response rate: 83%). The respondents from 1986 (n = 488) represent 74% of the original sample from 1981. Contraceptive usage in the same women aged 19 and 24 years (in brackets) was as follows: Oral contraception (OC) 47% (51%); intrauterine device 3% (11%), p less than 0.01; barrier methods 11% (11%); depot gestagen 0 (0.2%); no contraception 39% (26%), p less than 0.05. OCs were being taken or had been taken by 89%. Reasons given for cessation of OC were as follows: Contraception not required 10% (15%); fear of OC 26% (29%); menstrual disorder 17% (14%); weight increase 18% (10%), p less than 0.05; mental side effects 15% (9%); desire to become pregnant 7% (17%), p less than 0.01. Pregnancies (n = 362) were reported by 194 (43%) of the women. 44% of the pregnancies terminated in legal abortion. The medical complication rate following legal abortion was 15%. Thus, despite the availability of effective contraception, the ratio of legal abortions to live births was high. Fear of side effects was the commonest reason for discontinuing OC. The prevalence of contraception and pregnancy history in the same women ages 19-24 was assessed in a longitudinal cohort study by means of a postal questionnaire. A 1-in-4 random sample of all women born in 1962, resident in the city of Goteborg in 1981, was obtained from the population register (n=656). The response rate was 91%. Respondents from 1981 were reassessed in 1986 (response rate=83%). Respondents from 1986 (n=488) represent 74% of the original sample from 1981. Contraceptive usage in the same women ages 19-24 (in brackets) was as follows: oral contraceptives (OCs) 47% (51%): IUD 3% (11%), p0.01; barrier methods 11% (11%), depot gestagen 0 (0.2%); no contraception 39% (26%), p0.05. OCs were taken or had been taken by 89%. Reasons given for the cessation of OCs were the following: contraception not required 10% (15%), fear of OCs 26% (29%), menstrual disorders 17% (14%), weight increases 18% (10%), p0.05; emotional side effects 15% (9%), desire to become pregnant 7% (17%), p0.01. Pregnancies (n=362) were reported by 194 (43%) of the women. 44% were terminated in legal abortion and the medical complication rate following legal abortion was 15%. Thus, despite the availability of effective contraception, the ratio of legal abortions to livebirths was high. Fear of side effects was the most common reason for discontinuing OC use.
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