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  • Title: The Swedish reflux trial in children: IV. Renal damage.
    Author: Brandström P, Nevéus T, Sixt R, Stokland E, Jodal U, Hansson S.
    Journal: J Urol; 2010 Jul; 184(1):292-7. PubMed ID: 20494369.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: We compared the development of new renal damage in small children with dilating vesicoureteral reflux randomly allocated to antibiotic prophylaxis, endoscopic treatment or surveillance as the control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Included in the study were 128 girls and 75 boys 1 to younger than 2 years with grade III-IV reflux. Voiding cystourethrography and dimercapto-succinic acid scintigraphy were done before randomization and after 2 years. Febrile urinary tract infections were recorded during followup. Data analysis was done by the intent to treat principle. RESULTS: New renal damage in a previously unscarred area was seen in 13 girls and 2 boys. Eight of the 13 girls were on surveillance, 5 received endoscopic therapy and none were on prophylaxis (p = 0.0155). New damage was more common in children with than without febrile recurrence (11 of 49 or 22% vs 4 of 152 or 3%, p <0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In boys the rate of new renal damage was low. It was significantly higher in girls and most common in the control surveillance group. There was also a strong association between recurrent febrile UTIs and new renal damage in girls.
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