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  • Title: Molecular epidemiology and brief history of emerging adenovirus 14-associated respiratory disease in the United States.
    Author: Kajon AE, Lu X, Erdman DD, Louie J, Schnurr D, George KS, Koopmans MP, Allibhai T, Metzgar D.
    Journal: J Infect Dis; 2010 Jul 01; 202(1):93-103. PubMed ID: 20500088.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: First isolated in the Netherlands in 1955 during an outbreak of acute respiratory disease (ARD) among military recruits, human adenovirus 14 (HAdV-14) has historically been considered rare. With no precedent of circulation in North America, HAdV-14 has been isolated from military and civilian cases of ARD of variable severity since 2003 in the United States. METHODS: Ninety-nine isolates from military and civilian cases from different geographic locations and circulation periods were characterized by restriction enzyme analysis of viral DNA and select gene sequencing. RESULTS: All examined viruses were found to be identical and to belong to a new genome type designated "HAdV-14p1" (formerly known as "14a"). Comparative alignments of E1A, hexon, and fiber gene sequences with other subspecies B2 HAdVs suggest that HAdV-14p1, like the closely related HAdV-11a, arose from recombination among similar HAdV-11 and HAdV-14 ancestral strains. A deletion of 2 amino acids in the knob region of the fiber protein is the only identified unique characteristic of HAdV-14p1. CONCLUSION: The current geographic distribution of HAdV-14p1 involves at least 15 states in the Unites States. The role of the fiber mutations in the recent emergence of HAdV-14p1 ARD in North America warrants further study.
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