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  • Title: Nutritional transition during infancy in East Java, Indonesia: 2. A longitudinal study of growth in relation to the intake of breast milk and additional foods.
    Author: Kusin JA, Kardjati S, van Steenbergen WM, Renqvist UH.
    Journal: Eur J Clin Nutr; 1991 Feb; 45(2):77-84. PubMed ID: 2050091.
    Abstract:
    Weight and length of infants, born in two villages in Madura, East Java were measured longitudinally from birth to 12 months (n = 391). In a sub-sample (n = 76) the intake of breast milk and additional foods during 48 h were also measured. The shape of the weight curve of Madurese infants is comparable to that of healthy, exclusively breast-fed infants in the UK and US during the first 6 months of life, in spite of the custom to force-feed from as early as the first week. The use of a more 'appropriate' growth curve of exclusively breast-fed, healthy infants instead of the NCHS reference failed to define more accurately the age at which growth faltering starts. It is recommended to use weight increments as an indicator of the onset of growth faltering. Breast milk intake correlated significantly with attained weight. However, it explains only a small percentage of the variation in weight, viz. 12-24 per cent. There was no correlation between energy or protein intake from breast milk and additional foods and weight gain. Weight and length of infants, born in 2 villages in Madura, East Java, were measured longitudinally from birth-12 months (n=391). In a subsample (n=76), the intake of breastmilk and additional foods during a 48 period were also measured. The shape of the weight curve of Madurese infants is comparable to that of healthy, exclusively breastfed infants in the United Kingdom and the US during the 1st 6 months of life, in spite of the custom of force feeding from as early as the 1st week of life. The use of a more appropriate growth curve of exclusively breastfed, healthy infants instead of the NCHS reference failed to define more accurately the age at which growth faltering starts. It is recommended that weight increments be used as an indicator of the onset of growth faltering. Breastmilk intake correlated significantly with attained weight. However, it explains only a small % of the variation in weight, approximately 12-24%. There was no correlation between energy or protein intake from breastmilk and additional foods and weight gain.
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