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  • Title: Dual roles of endogenous platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase in a murine model of necrotizing enterocolitis.
    Author: Lu J, Pierce M, Franklin A, Jilling T, Stafforini DM, Caplan M.
    Journal: Pediatr Res; 2010 Sep; 68(3):225-30. PubMed ID: 20531249.
    Abstract:
    Human preterm infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) have increased circulating and luminal levels of platelet-activating factor (PAF) and decreased serum PAF-acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH), the enzyme that inactivates PAF. Formula supplemented with recombinant PAF-AH decreases NEC in a neonatal rat model. We hypothesized that endogenous PAF-AH contributes to neonatal intestinal homeostasis and therefore developed PAF-AH mice using standard approaches to study the role of this enzyme in the neonatal NEC model. After exposure to a well-established NEC model, intestinal tissues were evaluated for histology, proinflammatory cytokine mRNA synthesis, and death using standard techniques. We found that mortality rates were significantly lower in PAF-AH pups compared with wild-type controls before 24 h of life but surviving PAF-AH animals were more susceptible to NEC development compared with wild-type controls. Increased NEC incidence was associated with prominent inflammation characterized by elevated intestinal mRNA expression of sPLA2, inducible NOS, and CXCL1. In conclusion, the data support a protective role for endogenous PAF-AH in the development of NEC, and because preterm neonates have endogenous PAF-AH deficiency, this may place them at increased risk for disease.
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