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  • Title: HLA-DQ2-restricted gluten-reactive T cells produce IL-21 but not IL-17 or IL-22.
    Author: Bodd M, Ráki M, Tollefsen S, Fallang LE, Bergseng E, Lundin KE, Sollid LM.
    Journal: Mucosal Immunol; 2010 Nov; 3(6):594-601. PubMed ID: 20571486.
    Abstract:
    We have analyzed the production of the effector cytokines interleukin (IL)-17, IL-21, and IL-22 in gluten-reactive CD4(+) T cells of celiac disease patients, either cultured from small intestinal biopsies or isolated from peripheral blood after an oral gluten challenge. Combining intracellular cytokine staining with DQ2-α-II gliadin peptide tetramer staining of intestinal polyclonal T-cell lines, we found that gluten-specific T cells produced interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and IL-21, but not IL-17 or IL-22, even if other T cells of the same lines produced these cytokines. Similarly, in DQ2-α-II-specific T cells in peripheral blood of gluten-challenged patients, very few stained for intracellular IL-17, whereas many cells stained for IFN-γ. We conclude that gluten-reactive T cells produce IL-21 and IFN-γ, but not IL-17. Their production of IL-21 suggests a role for this cytokine in the pathogenesis of celiac disease.
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