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  • Title: Management of the abnormal Pap smear.
    Author: Gearhart JG, Davey-Sullivan BJ, Fulton LJ.
    Journal: J Miss State Med Assoc; 1991 May; 32(5):159-64. PubMed ID: 2067003.
    Abstract:
    In an outpatient protocol for management of the abnormal Pap smear, it is crucial that physicians rule out the presence of invasive disease. To that end, it is essential to acquire thorough knowledge of cervical cancer risk factors, including human papilloma virus. Physicians must also be familiar with Pap smear reporting systems and the implications of Pap smear reports. Cervical biopsy, colposcopy, and endocervical curettage are important tools in evaluation of the abnormal smear. Recent research underscores the importance of performing colposcopy to assess not only dysplasia, but also atypia and HPV changes.
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