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  • Title: [Echocardiographic analysis of changes in the heart in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus].
    Author: Smalcelj A, Durakovic Z, Cukusić I, Bogdan I, Grgić V.
    Journal: Acta Med Iugosl; 1990; 44(5):513-9. PubMed ID: 2077823.
    Abstract:
    Fifty-six patients, 49 females and 7 males, with the confirmed diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus were examined by M-mode, 2--D and Doppler echocardiography. Pericardial effusion was found in 15 patients (27%), while pericardial thickening was suspected in 6 additional patients (37.5% altogether). Two patients had the signs of a pericardial tamponade, but both of them were uraemic. Libman-Sacks endocarditis was suspected in 4 patients (7.5%) because of verrucous changes in the aortic or mitral valve and regurgitant jet. Slight to moderate left ventricular hypocontractility was present in 3 patients (5%), while 3 additional patients had borderline values of the left ventricular contractility parameters. Left ventricular hypertrophy, usually mild, was found in 21 patients (37.5%). Echocardiographic signs of pulmonary hypertension were present in 2 patients (3.6%). It has been concluded that pericardial affection is frequent during the course of systemic lupus erystematosus, while a diffuse myocardial involvement is rare, except the consequences of arterial hypertension and accelerated coronary atherosclerosis. Libman-Sacks endocarditis still represents a diagnostic problem. For a more precise definition of cardiac involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus, a comparative analysis of the disease activity and immunosuppressive therapy is needed.
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