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  • Title: The influence of ferrous sulfate utilization on the sugar yields from dilute-acid pretreatment of softwood for bioethanol production.
    Author: Monavari S, Galbe M, Zacchi G.
    Journal: Bioresour Technol; 2011 Jan; 102(2):1103-8. PubMed ID: 20934329.
    Abstract:
    By employing metal salts in dilute-acid pretreatment the severity can be reduced due to reduced activation energy. This study reports on a dilute-acid steam pretreatment of spruce chips by addition of a small amount of ferrous sulfate to the acid catalyst, i.e., either SO2, H2SO3 or H2SO4. The utilization of ferrous sulfate resulted in a slightly increased overall glucose yield (from 74% to 78% of the theoretical value) in pretreatment with SO2 and H2SO3. Impregnation with ferrous sulfate and sulfuric acid did not give any improvement compared with pretreatment based solely on H2SO4.
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