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  • Title: Correlation between common variable immunodeficiency clinical phenotypes and parental consanguinity in children and adults.
    Author: Aghamohammadi A, Abolhassani H, Moazzami K, Parvaneh N, Rezaei N.
    Journal: J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol; 2010; 20(5):372-9. PubMed ID: 20945602.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a heterogeneous group of disorders with a wide range of clinical manifestations and immunological findings, which could possibly form the basis for classification into different phenotypes. OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to distinguish between different clinical phenotypes in Iranian patients with CVID and compare complications and prognosis between these subgroups. METHODS: Ninety-three CVID patients were classified according to 5 clinical phenotypes: infections only (n=42), polyclonal lymphocytic infiltration (n=35), autoimmunity (n=10), malignancy (n=10), and enteropathy (n=9). The patients were further categorized into 4 groups based on age of diagnosis (cutoff, 13 years) and parental consanguinity. RESULTS: Grouping of patients showed that CVID children with parental consanguinity was the most frequent group (51%), followed by CVID children without parental consanguinity (21%), CVID adults without parental consanguinity (21%), and CVID adults with parental consanguinity (7%). There were significant associations between the group of CVID children with parental consanguinity and the polyclonal lymphocytic infiltration (P=.011) and enteropathy (P=.048) phenotypes. This group also had a higher mortality rate than other groups (P=.014). High serum levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM) at the time of diagnosis were associated with the eventual development of autoimmunity (P=.023). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for mortality in all phenotypes showed that mortality was significantly increased in patients with the polyclonal lymphocytic infiltration phenotype (Mantel-Haenszel OR=5.3, CI=3.42-6.2). CONCLUSIONS: Parameters such as parental consanguinity and early onset of disease could describe a subgroup of CVID patients characterized by more complications, poorer prognosis, and a need for greater medical care and attention.
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