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  • Title: Long-term follow-up after transvenous single coil embolization of patent ductus arteriosus in dogs.
    Author: Hildebrandt N, Schneider C, Schweigl T, Schneider M.
    Journal: J Vet Intern Med; 2010; 24(6):1400-6. PubMed ID: 21039864.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Long-term follow-up studies after interventional therapy of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in dogs are rare. HYPOTHESIS: Transvenous PDA embolization with a single detachable coil is a highly effective method in patients with an angiographically determined PDA≤4.0 mm. ANIMALS: Twenty-eight dogs with an angiographic PDA≤4.0 mm were included. METHODS: Prospective follow-up study after PDA coil embolization. RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 792 days (range, 2-3, 248 days). The rate of complete closure demonstrated by Doppler color flow was 54% at day 3 after intervention and the final cumulative rate was 71%. The rate of complete closure was significantly different between small and moderately sized PDA over the study period (P<.0001) and finally was 100 and 50%, respectively. In 16 dogs with complete closure, no recanalization was found. Disappearance of the continuous heart murmur was found in 89% after 3 days, and this increased to a final cumulative rate of 96%. Indexed left ventricular internal diameter in diastole (LVDd-I) decreased significantly (P<.0001). In the group with moderately sized PDA, a significant difference (P=.0256) was seen in LVDd-I between patients with and without residual shunt after exclusion of patients with persistent severe mitral valve regurgitation. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Long-term follow-up after single coil embolization showed complete closure in all small PDA but a residual shunt with mild hemodynamic consequences was present in half of the moderately sized PDA.
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