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  • Title: Development of a Mandarin tone identification test: sensitivity index d' as a performance measure for individual tones.
    Author: Krenmayr A, Qi B, Liu B, Liu H, Chen X, Han D, Schatzer R, Zierhofer CM.
    Journal: Int J Audiol; 2011 Mar; 50(3):155-63. PubMed ID: 21091262.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop comprehensive test material for Mandarin tone identification in noise for a male and a female talker. Additionally, the sensitivity index d' as a measure for the listeners' performance to identify individual tones was evaluated. DESIGN: The study followed a prospective design. STUDY SAMPLE: The complete material comprises 72 loudness-balanced syllables in all 4 Mandarin tones. For a selection of 20 syllables, i.e. 80 test words, performance-versus-intensity functions were measured in spectrally matched noise for 16 normal-hearing participants. RESULTS: The average speech reception thresholds in noise were -12.9 dB for the male and -13.6 dB for the female talker recordings. The corresponding slopes were 8.6%/dB and 7.3%/dB. As a performance measure for individual tones, the proportion of correct responses to specific tones was substantially contaminated by response bias. The sensitivity index d', calculated according to detection theory, provided reasonable and unbiased performance versus intensity functions. CONCLUSIONS: The results firstly indicate that the material is homogenous enough for use as a speech test in clinical work and research. Secondly, to assess the discrimination performance for individual tones, d' values outperform the simple proportion of correct responses.
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