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  • Title: Stress, cortisol and well-being of caregivers and children in home-based child care: a case for differential susceptibility.
    Author: Groeneveld MG, Vermeer HJ, van IJzendoorn MH, Linting M.
    Journal: Child Care Health Dev; 2012 Mar; 38(2):251-60. PubMed ID: 21166835.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: We examined whether children cared for by stressed caregivers show lower socio-emotional well-being and more stress, compared with children cared for by less stressed caregivers. METHODS: Perceived stress and cortisol levels of professional caregivers (n = 44), and associations with children's (n = 44) well-being and cortisol levels in home-based child care were examined. RESULTS: Caregiver perceived stress and cortisol levels were related to children's well-being but not to children's cortisol levels. Children's social fearfulness acted as a moderator between caregivers' mean ratio of diurnal change in cortisol and children's well-being. When caregiver cortisol levels decreased, more fearful children were reported higher on well-being than less fearful peers. In contrast, when caregiver cortisol levels increased, more fearful children were reported lower on well-being. CONCLUSIONS: The findings point to differential susceptibility. Child care organizations and parents need to notice that a non-stressful child care environment is in particular important for children with a difficult temperament.
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