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  • Title: Time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering studies of polymer-silica nanocomposite particles: initial formation and subsequent silica redistribution.
    Author: Balmer JA, Mykhaylyk OO, Armes SP, Fairclough JP, Ryan AJ, Gummel J, Murray MW, Murray KA, Williams NS.
    Journal: J Am Chem Soc; 2011 Feb 02; 133(4):826-37. PubMed ID: 21171624.
    Abstract:
    Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is a powerful characterization technique for the analysis of polymer-silica nanocomposite particles due to their relatively narrow particle size distributions and high electron density contrast between the polymer core and the silica shell. Time-resolved SAXS is used to follow the kinetics of both nanocomposite particle formation (via silica nanoparticle adsorption onto sterically stabilized poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP) latex in dilute aqueous solution) and also the spontaneous redistribution of silica that occurs when such P2VP-silica nanocomposite particles are challenged by the addition of sterically stabilized P2VP latex. Silica adsorption is complete within a few seconds at 20 °C and the rate of adsorption strongly dependent on the extent of silica surface coverage. Similar very short time scales for silica redistribution are consistent with facile silica exchange occurring as a result of rapid interparticle collisions due to Brownian motion; this interpretation is consistent with a zeroth-order Smoluchowski-type calculation.
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