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  • Title: Pyrolysis of grape bagasse: effect of pyrolysis conditions on the product yields and characterization of the liquid product.
    Author: Demiral I, Ayan EA.
    Journal: Bioresour Technol; 2011 Feb; 102(4):3946-51. PubMed ID: 21190842.
    Abstract:
    In this study, pyrolysis of grape bagasse was investigated with the aim to study the product distribution and their chemical compositions and to identify optimum process conditions for maximizing the bio-oil yield. Particular investigated process variables were temperature (350-600°C), heating rate (10-50°C/min) and nitrogen gas flow rate (50-200 cm(3)/min). The maximum oil yield of 27.60% was obtained at the final pyrolysis temperature of 550°C, sweeping gas flow rate of 100 cm(3)/min and heating rate of 50°C/min in a fixed-bed reactor. The elemental analysis and heating value of the bio-oils were determined, and then the chemical composition of the bio-oil was investigated using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques such as column chromatography, (1)H NMR and FTIR. The fuel properties of the bio-oil such as flash point, viscosity and density were also determined. The bio-oils obtained from grape bagasse were presented as an environmentally friendly feedstock candidate for bio-fuels.
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