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  • Title: Diagnosis of anal human papillomavirus infection: polymerase chain reaction or cytology?
    Author: Indinnimeo M, d'Ettorre G, Fiore A, Ceccarelli G, Ciardi A, Degener AM, Moschella CM, Izzo L, Izzo S, Antonelli G, D'Angeli I, Vullo V.
    Journal: Int J Infect Dis; 2011 Apr; 15(4):e232-5. PubMed ID: 21239202.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and HIV-negative patients engaging in promiscuous behaviors and anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cytology. METHODS: Fifty-six HIV-positive patients and 49 HIV-negative patients who engaged in sexually promiscuous behavior were enrolled in the study. We performed cytological exams using the Pap smear and PCR for HPV-DNA detection, with identification of oncogenic strains. The 2001 Bethesda System terminology was used for the cytological exams. We also evaluated the immunologic status of the HIV-infected patients. RESULTS: PCR positivity for HPV-DNA was higher in the group of HIV-positive patients than in the group of HIV-negative patients with a statistically significant difference. In contrast we did not find any statistically significant difference by cytological exam. Oncogenic strains were equally distributed in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate the importance of the cytological exam for anal HPV screening in the population at high risk of sexually transmitted disease and that HPV-DNA PCR can be used only as adjunct test.
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