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  • Title: [Gingival smile: surgical-orthodontic treatment].
    Author: Ortega Alejandre J, Padilla Sánchez CJ.
    Journal: Pract Odontol; 1990 Jun; 11(6):17-9, 21-2. PubMed ID: 2131455.
    Abstract:
    The treatment of patients with dentofacial deformities which include excessive exposure of frontal upper teeth and upper alveolar gum at resting and/or dynamic position of the lips, is a frequent challenge to odontologists, orthodontists, prosthesists and maxillofacial surgeons. This article introduces a joint orthodontic-surgical approach for the functional and esthetic correction of this deformity. Attained results are illustrated by two representative case histories.
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