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  • Title: Thermogenic and vocalization responses to cold in the chicken hatchling during normoxia and hypoxia.
    Author: Al Awam K, Catana F, Mortola JP.
    Journal: Behav Neurosci; 2011 Feb; 125(1):74-83. PubMed ID: 21319889.
    Abstract:
    We investigated the vocalization and the thermogenic responses to cold during hypoxia in chicken hatchlings during the first postnatal day. Calls were quantified in number and sound characteristics (amplitude and frequency); the change in oxygen (O2) consumption, measured by an open-flow methodology, represented thermogenesis. The cold challenge consisted of a decrease in ambient temperature (Ta) from ~39 to 28 °C, in steps of 2 °C, or an acute exposure to ~28 °C, either in normoxia or hypoxia (10% O2). Hypoxia lowered thermogenesis and the critical Ta, suggesting a decrease in the set point for thermoregulation. The vocalization response to cold was rapid; did not progress with the duration or intensity of the cold stimulus; was similar in very young (<8 hr old) and older (12-24 hr) hatchlings despite their differences in thermogenic capacity; and was essentially unaffected by hypoxia. We conclude that the hatchling's vocalization in the cold follows a stereotyped pattern not related to the thermogenic regulation of body temperature. The dissociation between vocalization and thermogenesis might carry some advantage in conditions of cold and hypoxia.
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