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  • Title: Coverage evaluation surveys amongst children in some blocks of West Bengal.
    Author: Mukherjee B, Ray SK, Kar M, Mandal A, Mitra J, Biswas R.
    Journal: Indian J Public Health; 1990; 34(4):209-14. PubMed ID: 2133573.
    Abstract:
    Immunisation coverage evaluation was carried out in 9 Blocks of West Bengal amongst 12-23 months old children. Fully immunised status of 5 blocks were under 16%. Poor measles vaccine coverage thought to be the reason. Other vaccine coverage was more than 60%, in most of the blocks excepting Hilly Balurghat and Tamluk. "Child ill-not brought" was the important reason for immunisation failure in most of the blocks. Between January-September 1990, surveys were conducted in 9 areas of West Bengal, India to learn why immunization failure occurred in 12-23 month old children and the extent of service use from different types of health care facilities. Retention of immunization cards varied from 28.6% in Balurghat to 76.9% in urban Dhakuria. The percentage of fully immunized children ranged from only 1.9% in Balurghat to 45.9% in Siliguri-Naxalbari. In fact, fully immunized status in 5 areas was 16%. Fully immunized was defined as children having received 3 doses of both OPV and DPT and 1 dose of BCG and of measles. The leading reason for children not being fully immunized was not having received the measles vaccine. The lowest measles immunization coverage was in Balurghat (3.8%). Those areas with medical colleges had higher measles coverage (Mogra, 68.8%; Pandua, 51.62%; and Siliguri-Naxalbari, 51.2%). In 5 areas, 10% of the children had not been immunized. 12.7% of the children in Mogra were not immunized. In the other 3 areas, the percentage of nonimmunized children ranged from 20.75 to 43.6%. Dropout rates for DPT were 40% in Hilli and Balurghat. North Calcutta had the lowest dropout rate for DPT (13.83%). OPV dropout rates ranged from 10.58% in North Calcutta to 50.33% in Hilli. The major reason for immunization failure in 4 of the 5 areas (North Calcutta, Dhakuria, Tamluk, and Pandua) where reasons were investigated was child ill-not brought (20.9-31.7%). The major reason in Siliguri was unaware of need for immunization (19.2%) which was also a significant reason in Pandua (20.9%) and Tamluk (14.88%). Another leading reason included mother too busy. The primary health center administered 75% of the vaccines in Pandua and Tamluk and 50% in Siliguri-Naxalbari. Outreach services and hospitals administered most vaccines in North Calcutta and Dhakuria.
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